You make drawings and models move, frame by frame, for films, series and games.
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Pay, the path, pros and cons and the facts on one printable page. Counsellors: send it to a student from your own email in one click.
Programs in the fields this career usually comes through. Each has its own page: what it takes to get in, the courses you need and what it costs.
The median pay is about $65,000 a year. Across everyone in the job it runs from about $42,000 at the lower end to about $110,000 at the upper end. The source is listed under Sources at the end of this page.
2 to 4 years after high school, on the usual route.
$1,200 to $46,000 all in for tuition, fees, exams and kit. Living costs are not counted.
No. There is no licence to hold, though many employers still ask for training or a certificate.
Limited demand nationally, from government outlook data. Demand varies by region, so check your area.
Or read the whole thing here
What you earn and what it costs to get there.
Median
$65,000
Lower end
$42,000
Upper end
$110,000
Job Bank's national median is $31.25 an hour, about $65,000 a year full time. British Columbia sits highest at $35.00 an hour because Vancouver holds so much of the visual effects industry. Saskatchewan sits lowest at $23.00.
A contract for one production
As a junior animator, in-betweener, or roto and paint artist
Many people start on a short contract that ends when the show or film is delivered, then look again. Vancouver, Toronto and Montreal hold almost all the jobs. Moving up usually means moving between studios.
Roughly, all in
$1,200 to $46,000
Tuition, fees, exams and kit. Not rent, food or travel
The low end is teaching yourself with no-cost animation software such as Blender, a drawing tablet and a computer you may already own, then building a short demo reel. Studios hire on the reel, and there is no licence or diploma in the way. The high end is the four year animation degree at about $10,400 a year plus stronger hardware and the portfolio fee most schools charge. The cheap door is much harder to walk through: with no school behind you there is no teacher, no class feedback and no graduate showcase where studios come looking, so your reel has to be good enough to get noticed on its own.
Animation programs are among the more expensive college programs and the first jobs pay little, so watch the total debt.
Contract by production
Most studio work is a contract that runs the length of a show or film, then you look again.
Benefits are common
Job Bank reports about 89% of workers in this group get at least one non-wage benefit such as insurance or paid leave.
Overtime
Crunch before delivery is standard. Paid at many studios, banked as time off at others.
Freelance
Explainer videos, social ads, title sequences. Usually a flat fee per project.
The exact path from high school to qualified.
There is no licence. Studios hire from a demo reel, and school is mostly a way to build one with feedback and deadlines.
High school
Grades 11 and 12
Draw, film things, try Blender. You need Grade 12 English and a visual arts or communication technology credit for most programs.
Portfolio for admission
Grade 12
Sheridan College asks for a portfolio plus about a 65% overall average. Other schools are similar.
Animation program
2 to 4 years
A 4-year honours degree or a 2 to 3 year college diploma. You learn timing, acting, rigging, lighting and the pipeline software studios use.
Internship or placement
3 to 4 months
Sheridan College builds in a three-month internship between years 3 and 4. Take any studio placement you can get.
Demo reel and first contract
First 2 years
A tight reel of 60 to 90 seconds of your best shots. Juniors usually start in cleanup, in-betweens, roto or layout and move up.
Visual arts
Figure drawing and gesture. Even 3D animators need it.
Communication technology or media arts
Editing, sound, software.
Drama
Animation is acting. Knowing how a body carries a feeling shows up in every shot.
Physics
Weight, timing and momentum are what make movement believable.
Nothing stops you calling yourself an animator. Studios do not ask for a diploma, they ask for a reel and they watch about 20 seconds of it before deciding. What they are checking is timing, weight and whether the character reads as alive. That is why school matters here even without a licence: you get hundreds of hours of criticism you cannot easily get alone.
Ontario
Sheridan College (Honours Bachelor of Animation), OCAD University (Ontario College of Art and Design), Seneca Polytechnic, Algonquin College.
Quebec
Concordia University, and several Montreal college programs feeding the local studios.
British Columbia
Emily Carr University of Art and Design, Capilano University, Vancouver Film School.
Prairies and East
Alberta University of the Arts, NSCAD University (Nova Scotia College of Art and Design).
In Quebec the usual school route is a 3 year CEGEP (public college) program in 3D animation, with no tuition for Quebec residents, rather than a 2 year diploma or a 4 year degree.
Finish Secondary V
Age 16 or 17
No set courses are required. Keep drawing: portfolios ask for figure drawing from life, perspective drawings of rooms and character sheets.
Production 3D et synthèse d'images DEC (Diploma of College Studies)
3 years
The 3D animation program (574.C0), required in all colleges since 2025. At Cégep du Vieux Montréal, Bois-de-Boulogne, Limoilou, Matane and Jonquière, and private colleges such as Collège LaSalle.
Or in English at Dawson College
3 years
3D Animation and Computer Generated Imagery, the only English CEGEP program of its kind. Send 15 original artworks by 1 March, then sit a timed drawing test of about 2 hours.
Or a bachelor's degree
3 to 4 years
Concordia's BFA (Bachelor of Fine Arts) in Film Animation, in English, after a DEC, with a portfolio. École NAD-UQAC (a university school of digital arts) offers bachelor's degrees in 3D for games and film in Montreal, in French.
Build a reel and apply
Ongoing
Studios hire on your demo reel, so your final school projects matter most. Many first jobs are contracts tied to one production.
Things you don't need, but that help.
Character animation
The classic job and still the one most people want. Hardest to fake, hardest to replace.
Rigging
Building the skeletons and controls other animators use. Technical work that other animators depend on.
Visual effects and simulation
Smoke, water, destruction. Vancouver and Montreal have large studios doing this for Hollywood.
Game animation
Loops, blends and state machines rather than single shots. Steadier hours than film.
Motion graphics
Titles, ads, explainers. Often freelance and a good fallback between contracts.
Python scripting
Small tools that save a team hours make you the person nobody wants to lose.
Life drawing classes
Cheap, weekly, and the single most reliable way to improve.
Short films
A finished 90-second short says more than a folder of unfinished ideas.
A second language
Montreal studios often work in French, and international work moves between Canada, France and Japan.
Day to day, pros and cons, where you'd work.
Dailies first thing: the team plays yesterday's shots on a big screen and the supervisor gives notes in front of everyone. Then you block out a shot, meaning rough key poses, and get it approved before polishing. Most of the day is small adjustments to timing and spacing, one or two seconds of finished footage per day if the shot is hard. Headphones on, one shot at a time, with a delivery date getting closer.
The good
The hard parts
Things people don't tell you.
Vancouver, Toronto and Montreal host large studios doing animation and visual effects for productions made elsewhere. Provincial and federal tax credits are a big part of why the work lands here.
Traditional animation runs on twelves and twenty-fours. Animating on twos, a new drawing every second frame, still gives 12 drawings for every half second of screen time.
The National Film Board of Canada set up an animation studio in the early 1940s under Norman McLaren. His films were made by scratching and painting directly onto the film strip, with no camera at all, and they are still shown in animation classes.
Every list is built from the same numbers shown above, so you can see where this career sits next to the others.
Design first, then the rest of the field. See every career in creative.
Last checked October 2026. Pay figures are typical full-time annual amounts in Canadian dollars, based on Government of Canada Job Bank wage data and published salary grids. They vary by province, employer and experience. Tuition is for domestic students. How every figure on this site is sourced and checked.
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