Build the pipes and servers other programmers ship on. Nobody starts here, everybody arrives here.
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Pay, the path, pros and cons and the facts on one printable page. Counsellors: send it to a student from your own email in one click.
The median pay is about $135,980 a year. Across everyone in the job it runs from about $82,460 at the lower end to about $214,670 at the upper end. The source is listed under Sources at the end of this page.
4 to 8 years after high school, on the usual route.
$800 to $45,000 all in for tuition, fees, exams and kit. Living costs are not counted.
No. There is no license to hold, though many employers still ask for training or a certificate.
Very high demand nationally, from government outlook data. Demand varies by region, so check your area.
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What you earn and what it costs to get there.
Median for the group
$135,980
Bottom tenth
$82,460
Top tenth
$214,670
The national median is $135,980 a year, the bottom tenth earn $82,460 or less and the top tenth $214,670 or more (2025 federal wage survey). The wage survey has no separate line for this job: it counts you inside Software Developers, which is the occupation most people with this title are paid under. Big technology companies sit above this range, hospitals and state government sit below it.
$82,460 to $105,210
The bottom tenth and bottom quarter of software developers, 2025, and usually not with this job title
Almost nobody is hired as a DevOps engineer straight out of school. You start as a junior software developer, a support engineer or a systems administrator for 2 to 4 years, then move across.
$171,980 or more
What the best paid quarter of software developers earned in 2025, often senior engineers at large companies
At big technology firms a large slice of the package is company stock, which is not counted in the wage survey at all. Being on the on-call rota often adds a stipend on top.
Roughly, all in
$800 to $45,000
Tuition, fees, exams and kit. Not rent, food or travel
The low end is the self-taught route: an Amazon Web Services professional exam at $300, a Kubernetes administrator exam at $445, and everything else learned on no-cost tiers and open source tools. People really do arrive this way, but almost always after starting in a support, systems or development job, so the cheap door still needs you inside the industry first. The high end is four years of in-state public tuition for a computing degree, or a coding bootcamp at $10,000 to $20,000 with no job guarantee. File the FAFSA (Free Application for Federal Student Aid) even if you think you earn too much, because it is the only door to Pell Grants, which you never repay.
File the FAFSA (Free Application for Federal Student Aid) even if you think you earn too much. It is the only door to Pell Grants, which you never repay, and to federal loans, which for a dependent undergraduate are capped at about $5,500 in the first year and about $31,000 in total.
Employer health insurance
Standard in this field.
401(k) match
A retirement account your employer pays into alongside you, matching part of what you put in.
Stock or equity
Common at startups and large technology firms, worthless at some, life changing at others.
Remote work
One of the easiest jobs on this site to do from anywhere.
Paid certifications and conference budget
Most employers cover exam fees and training time.
The exact path from high school to qualified.
There is no exam and no license. You get here by doing a nearby job well for a few years.
High school
Grades 9 to 12
Math, and any computing class you can get. Install Linux on an old laptop and break it a few times.
Learn to program
0 to 4 years
A computer science degree is the common route. A community college associate degree, a bootcamp or teaching yourself all work too, but they make the first job harder to land.
First job in technology
1 to 2 years
Junior developer, help desk, or systems administrator. This is where you learn how real systems fail.
Move toward infrastructure
2 to 4 years
Volunteer for the build pipeline, the deployment scripts, the monitoring nobody wants to own. That work is how you get the title.
Certify and specialize
Ongoing
Cloud and Kubernetes certifications, then a lane: security, reliability, data platforms, or cost control.
Computer science or programming
Any language. The concepts carry over.
Math
Algebra and logic, plus enough statistics to read a graph of server load.
English
You will write documentation, incident reports and messages that stop a panic.
Physics or electronics
Useful for understanding networks and hardware, not required.
There is no state board, no national exam and no protected title. Anyone can call themselves a DevOps engineer. What employers screen on instead is a technical interview, a public code profile and vendor certifications. That cuts both ways: you can get in without a degree, and you can also be turned away without one, because some large employers still filter resumes on it. Work in a regulated industry, such as banking or health care, and the rules that bind you are about the data you touch, not about you personally.
Public university computer science programs
The most common route, and the one that opens the most doors at large employers.
Community college associate degrees
Two years, far cheaper, and credits usually transfer to a state university.
Western Governors University and similar online schools
Flat tuition per six month term, self paced, popular with people already working.
Registered apprenticeships in technology
A growing route listed on Apprenticeship.gov, the United States Department of Labor site. You are paid from day one.
Things you don't need, but that help.
Amazon Web Services Certified DevOps Engineer, Professional
$300, 75 questions in 3 hours. Aimed at people with 2 or more years running cloud systems.
Certified Kubernetes Administrator
$445, 2 hours, and it is hands on: you fix real clusters from a command line, not multiple choice.
Terraform or equivalent infrastructure certification
Proves you can describe servers as code instead of clicking buttons.
A cloud security certification
Security is where the unfilled jobs and the pay bumps are.
A public code profile
Real projects on GitHub or GitLab beat a certificate list in most interviews.
A home lab
A cheap server or a few small computers running your own services. Cheapest teacher you will ever have.
Scripting fluency
Python and shell scripting. You will automate the same boring task a hundred times.
Calm under pressure
The site is down, everyone is watching, and you have to think clearly. That is the actual skill.
Some companies split this work into SRE (site reliability engineering), which treats uptime as a number to be measured and defended rather than a vague goal. The day to day overlaps heavily with DevOps work, and the on-call load is usually heavier. Other branches worth knowing about: platform engineering, which builds the internal tools other developers use, and cloud cost engineering, which is unglamorous and valued because it saves companies real money every month.
Day to day, pros and cons, where you'd work.
Start by checking what broke overnight and what alerts fired. Then a stand up meeting. Most of the morning is code: pipeline changes, infrastructure written as configuration files, a script to stop a problem recurring. Afternoons are reviews, helping a developer whose deployment is stuck, and slow work on a bigger migration. Roughly one week in four or five you carry the on-call phone, which can go off at 3am and does.
The good
The hard parts
Things people don't tell you.
The word was coined around 2009 by people arguing that the developers who write software and the operations staff who run it should stop being separate teams that blame each other. The job title came after the argument, not before it.
The federal career profile counts 1,717,800 software developers in 2025, the group this job is counted in, and expects much faster than average growth to 2035, with about 95,300 openings a year.
Instead of setting up machines by hand, this job writes files that describe what the machines should look like, and a tool builds them. Delete the whole system by accident and you can rebuild it from the files in minutes.
Every list is built from the same numbers shown above, so you can see where this career sits next to the others.
Software first, then the rest of the field. See every career in tech.
Last checked October 2026. Pay figures are typical full-time annual amounts in United States dollars, based on Bureau of Labor Statistics wage data and published pay scales. They vary by state, employer and experience. Tuition is for in-state students at public schools unless the card says otherwise. How every figure on this site is sourced and checked.
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