Education · 1 of 4

The path

Most palliative doctors come through family medicine. A smaller group come through the Royal College subspecialty.

1. 1

   High school

   Grades 11 and 12

   Top marks in biology, chemistry, math and English. You need a very high average for a science undergrad.

2. 2

   Bachelor's degree

   3 to 4 years

   Any major works. Keep a GPA (grade point average) above 3.8, volunteer, do research. Write the MCAT (medical school admission test).

3. 3

   Medical school, the MD (doctor of medicine)

   3 to 4 years

   Acceptance rates are 5% to 15%. Classes, then clinical rotations. Ask for a palliative elective; most schools have one.

4. 4

   Family medicine residency

   2 years

   Matched through CaRMS (the residency matching service). Clinics, wards, emergency, obstetrics. Palliative rotations are built in. Pass the CCFP exam (family medicine certification) and register with your provincial College of Physicians and Surgeons.

5. 5

   Palliative care training

   1 to 2 years

   A third year of family medicine enhanced skills in hospices, palliative units and home care, leading to a CAC (Certificate of Added Competence) in palliative care. The other route: a 2-year Royal College subspecialty in palliative medicine after internal medicine, pediatrics, anesthesia or a few other specialties.