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What shapes the career after training

• Endovascular skills

  Repairing vessels through a catheter in the groin instead of opening the chest or belly. Now most of the caseload.

• Aortic surgery

  Complex aneurysm repair, concentrated at a small number of centers.

• Limb salvage and wound care

  Saving the feet of people with diabetes. Enormous need, and deeply unglamorous work.

• Academic practice

  Teaching residents and running trials, for less money than private practice.