Education · 1 of 5

The path

Two routes exist. One starts with a degree, the other starts with a mop and a mooring line.

  1. 1

    High school diploma or equivalent

    Grade 12

    Math, physics and English. You also need to pass a medical exam and a drug test before you can hold a credential.

  2. 2

    Pick your route

    Decide at 18

    A four-year maritime academy, which gives you a bachelor's degree and an officer license together, or entry-level work on deck, which gives you sea time and no debt.

  3. 3

    Build documented sea time

    2 to 4 years

    Every license is measured in days actually served on a vessel. Academy cadets get theirs on training ships and commercial voyages. Deckhands get theirs by working.

  4. 4

    Courses and the license exam

    Months of classes

    US Coast Guard approved training in navigation, stability, firefighting, lifeboats and radar, then the exam for your first officer license.

  5. 5

    Upgrade as you go

    10 years or more

    Third mate to second to chief mate to master, each one more sea time plus more courses. Some mariners spend a whole career climbing it.