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What raises your standing or your income

• Board certification

  Diplomate of the American Board of Endodontics. Voluntary, demanding, and the clearest signal of expertise to referring dentists.

• Microsurgery skills

  Surgical root-end procedures that save teeth when a normal root canal has failed. Not every endodontist does them.

• Three-dimensional imaging

  Cone beam scanning finds canals and cracks that flat images miss, and it has changed what is treatable.

• Teaching at a dental school

  Part-time faculty work pays modestly but keeps you current and feeds referrals.