Optional · 1 of 3
Specialties and other paths
Board-certified specialist
A 1-year internship plus a 3-year residency in surgery, internal medicine, dermatology, oncology and others. There is no official figure for specialists' pay.
Emergency and critical care
24-hour hospitals, with night and weekend shifts.
Large animal and rural practice
Severe shortage. Some provinces pay grants to vets who set up in underserved areas.
Practice ownership
The traditional route to running your own clinic. Corporate chains now buy many clinics, so ownership is less common than it was.
Government and industry
See the next cards.