Optional · 1 of 3

Ways to shape the practice

• Minimally invasive lung surgery

  Removing part of a lung through small ports with a camera, or with a robot. Now the standard at big centres.

• Esophageal surgery

  Cancer and severe swallowing disorders. Long, technically hard operations.

• Lung transplant

  Only a few centres in Canada do it. Extra fellowship training and a lot of nights.

• Research and trials

  Screening programs and new surgical approaches. Academic thoracic surgeons lead them.